I too have tried to build using what you have done, it didn't seem like it went anywhere, and I don't remember if by running cmake, as you did above, any good came of it.
What I do now, though, is run cmake in individual folders on individual .cpp files as and when I need them. It is seems to be working well. But I have just started and don't know if the problem may amplify later. Any how I will describe what I do below.
Go the folder where the .cpp file is stored.
Right click and open a new Document. Call it 'CMakeLists.txt'. It is very important that you call it precisely that.
Open the document and paste this.
project( name_of_cpp )
find_package( OpenCV REQUIRED )
add_executable( name_of_cpp name_of_cpp )
target_link_libraries( name_of_cpp ${OpenCV_LIBS} )
Where you replace 'name_of_cpp ' with the name of your cpp file.
Next you open terminal and go the folder using cd.
Once you are there type in 'cmake ." Note:there is a space between cmake and the '.' .
After that type in 'make'.
You should see an executable being formed.
Some executables require you to parse it an image file from command line.
If u have the image in the same folder then you can run the executable using
./name_of_file name_of_image.jpg
or else, you can pass the image using its relative position to the active folder by using /../../image.jpg
I think it should lie somewhere in the parent folder for this to work. (correct me if wrong).
and last way is to give the absolute address in relation to home.