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Like you say, backgroundsubtraction was implemented in the C++ interface, in which OpenCV still performs best. These C++ algorithms are all highly optimized and there might even be some day that the C - interface will die out slowly.

Basically what you could do to simulate background subtraction yourself is

• Read in a reference frame
• For following frames, just subtract the reference frame from the new frame

All static objects will get removed. You can then clean out the image using dilation and erosion.