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LBPHFaceRecognizer performs facial identification using KNN. LBPH is used to extract facial features.

During prediction, features are extracted from a given query face. Then the id of the subject with training features which are closest to the query face feature is returned. The confidence value is the distance between the query feature and the closest training feature.

If the query face feature does not belong to any of the training subjects, the confidence distance will (hopefully) be large. You need to perform an experiment in order to set a confidence distance threshold.

Your threshold should be based on your application as it presents a tradeoff between false acceptances and rejections. For example, if you don't mind some false rejections, you can set this threshold low.