How to get the number of pixels in an ROI c++?

edit

If I've understand the question correctly, you need first to find circles in your images, you can do it using the Hough Circle Transform, here a tutorial in C++

Setting the function with the proper parameters (as I can see, you know the size of the circles, more or less..) you'll obtain the circles center coordinates back from the function:

HoughCircles( src_gray, circles, HOUGH_GRADIENT, 1, src_gray.rows/8, 200, 100, 0, 0 );

circles: A vector that stores sets of 3 values: Xc, Yc, r for each detected circle.

so using that you'll be able to get the proper ROIs for each circle and then apply the function that @ducvd wrote.

The function give to you also the radius, so what you get at the end is the center of the ROI. Is pretty easy to understand that getting the rectangle coordinate is easy. For each circles (ROI), the top left corner of the rectangle will be (Xc-r-thresh, Yc-r-thresh), while the bottom right corner will be (Xc+r+thres, Yc+r+thresh) where Xc and Yc are the circle center gave back from the function, r is the radius( again given back from the function) and thresh is a parameter that you can set to handle the uncertainty regarding the radius of the circle.

Hope that help

If you are able to find ROI, the remains problem is counting the Read-pixels inside ROI rectangle.

You could do it by enumerate every pixels in the images then count (please do check whether pixels is inside ROI yourself):

const int channels = I.channels();
count = 0; // count is the number of Red pixels
switch(channels)
{
case 1:
    {
        MatIterator_<uchar> it, end;
        for( it = I.begin<uchar>(), end = I.end<uchar>(); it != end; ++it)
            if (*it == 0) // black
            {
                  count++;
            }
        break;
    }
case 3:
    {
        MatIterator_<Vec3b> it, end;
        for( it = I.begin<Vec3b>(), end = I.end<Vec3b>(); it != end; ++it)
        {
            if ((*it[2])==255) // Red
            {
                   count++;
            }
        }
    }
}