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If you want to convert your image in HSL, the proper way to do it in OpenCV is:

cv::cvtColor( src, dst, cv::COLOR_BGR2HLS );

If your intent is to do it manually, then you can iterate through the pixel that way:

for(int r = 0 ; r < src.rows ; ++r) {
    for(int c = 0 ; c < src.cols ; ++c) {
        dst.at<cv::Vec3b>(r,c) = cv::Vec3b(newHue, /*newLigthness*/1, /*newSaturation*/1);
    }
}

This is the most standard (and slow way) to iterate through pixels, but also the most obvious. If you want to have a look at how to speed-up the pixel iteration, I suggest you have a look at this tutorial or even, this tutorial for a very basic (but yet helpful) introduction to OpenCV images..