The cascade file contains several things
- Internalnodes which are stages consisting of weak classifiers used to create a robust classifier. These are stages used in the boosting process used when creating such a model.
- The parameters covered there are the SVM parameters needed to divide the data into positive and negative samples, as seen by the weak classifier.
- Rectangles are the feature windows used for detection, but you should dig into the original code for creating these files to actually know what the values mean. No clue here.