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I think your question has more to do with selecting the right lenses for your camera. In the following link you can find a nice white paper that explains what lenses a camera should have, and what the right resolution of the camera should be, for a given application. It contains some examples too. It's all about working distance and maximum size (width/height) of the objects that you'd like to image: Choosing the right lenses
For a basic (and easy to follow) optics tutorial you can have a look here