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answered 2019-03-08 02:25:05 -0600
it's just a bunch of heuristics.
have a look at the src code
updated 2019-03-08 02:26:00 -0600
updated 2019-03-08 02:26:37 -0600
there are no papers or an "algorithm" behiind it, it's just a bunch of heuristics.