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Do like you want :

clone source is

Mat Mat::clone() const
{
    Mat m;
    copyTo(m);
    return m;
}

if you want to test :

TickMeter chronometer;
Mat a(500,500,CV_8UC1);
RNG rr;

rr.fill(a,CV_8UC1, RNG::UNIFORM, 0, 256);

chronometer.start();
for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++)
{
    Mat b = a.clone();

}
chronometer.stop();
cout << "Clone " << chronometer.getTimeSec() << endl;
chronometer.reset();
chronometer.start();
for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++)
{
    Mat b;
    a.copyTo(b);

}
chronometer.stop();
cout << "Copy " << chronometer.getTimeSec() << endl;