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Is there any way we can combine multiple static libraries (.a) files like libopencv_core.a libopencv_imgproc.a etc in to single .so file like libopencv.so?

I tried to combine using this command,

arm-linux-g++ -D_REENTRANT -fPIC -shared -o ./(OUT_DLL) -L/localpath/to/opencv/lib/ -lopencv_features2d -lopencv_flann -lopencv_objdetect -lm -lopencv_ml -lopencv_highgui -lopencv_imgproc -lopencv_core -L/localpath/to/3rdparty/lib/ -llibjpeg -llibtiff -lzlib -llibjasper -llibpng -lpthread -lrt -lIlmImf

to creare libopencv.so. But when I am creating an application with this .so file it gives error saying undefined reference to cv:Mat etc., which suggest my .so file doesnt contain the symbols from .a files.

I also tried un-archiving .a files to .o files and create opencv.so from object files. Seems it almost works, but it gives few errors saying

 `undefined reference to `icvCvt_BGRA2RGBA_16u_C4R(unsigned short const*, int, unsigned short*, int, CvSize)'`,

which are bit strange errors. Please help. Note: I am compiling using arm-g++

@sammy Thanks a lot.It was really useful. To address my problem, I am using 16 gabor filters(different orientations) multiple times to detect edges in an image and as well to suppress noise link. I think I can't use either separable filters or convolve the filters as I was using gabor filters. But I found a discussion in mathworks forum, which I thought might be useful. Also,I am on ARMv6 processor which doesn't support NEON optimization. I think I need to find an alternate algorithm for reducing the processing time.

@Daniil Osokin Thanks for the comment. I think in my case I can't use TBB. I am trying to use my code on ARM 11 processor which has single core. Please, correct me if I am wrong

@berak I am using 16 gabor filters. I wish I could use latest version of opencv. Problem is I am not able to cross compile opencv 2.4 on ARM6. I tried my best. I already have opencv2.1 libraries so, I downgraded my code too :(.

Hi,

My algorithm calls filter2D around 256 times. Because of this the processing time of the overall algorithm is high. I tried all other ways to minimize the number of convolutions(by scaling image etc). Is there any alternative function or something for reducing the time of filter2D(without using gpu etc).

Got the solution, I am not linking the cxcore, lapack and rt library at the end. Final command should be

arm-linux-g++ sample.o -o sample -L/home/zwang/ravi/opencv_include21/lib -L./ -lLensFinder -L./ -lTwoX -lcxcore -lopencv_lapack -lrt . Thanks for your support @berak and @StevenPuttemans

@berek. It belongs to cxcore module. I am linking to the correct cxcore (I can find a function in cxcore.h with cvMulSpectrums and cvGetOptimalSize etc) . I also found the remaining undefined references belong to opencv too. I think I am missing some options while building libraries. Anymore suggestions please.

I am working with Opencv-2.1 on arm-linux. I am using arm-linux-g++ compiler. I ran in to a strange error during linking. Before talking about the error, I will post my make commands

CC = arm-linux-g++
COMPILEFLAGS = -Wall -fPIC -c -O2 -I./

OUT_DLL = libLensFinder.so
DLL_FLAGS = -shared -o
OBJS = SegmentRegions.o
OBJS2 = EdgeDetection.o
OBJS3 = AnalyseRegions.o
OBJS4 = global.o
LINK_FLAGS = -L./ -lLensFinder
LINK_FLAGS_2 = -L./ -lTwoX
INCPATH    = -I/home/zwang/ravi/opencv_include21/opencv/  -I.

all : 
$(CC) $(COMPILEFLAGS) $(INCPATH) global.cpp -o global.o
$(CC) $(COMPILEFLAGS) $(INCPATH) EdgeDetection.cpp -o EdgeDetection.o
$(CC) $(COMPILEFLAGS) $(INCPATH) SegmentRegions.cpp -o SegmentRegions.o
$(CC) $(COMPILEFLAGS) $(INCPATH) AnalyseRegions.cpp -o AnalyseRegions.o
$(CC) $(OBJS) $(OBJS2) $(OBJS3) $(OBJS4) $(DLL_FLAGS) ./$(OUT_DLL) -L/home/zwang/ravi/opencv_include21/lib -lcvaux -lcxcore -lhighgui -lcv -lml -lcxts -lrt

$(CC) $(COMPILEFLAGS) $(INCPATH) sample.cpp
#$(CC) $(LINK_FLAGS) sample.o -o sample 
$(CC) $(LINK_FLAGS) $(LINK_FLAGS_2) sample.o -o sample

Everything works fine till the end. During the last command i.e., while creating executable file I am getting the following error.

arm-linux-g++ -L./ -lLensFinder -L./ -lTwoX sample.o -o sample
.//libLensFinder.so: undefined reference to `spotrs_'
.//libLensFinder.so: undefined reference to `cvGetOptimalDFTSize'
.//libLensFinder.so: undefined reference to `dgels_'
.//libLensFinder.so: undefined reference to `dgelsd_'
.//libLensFinder.so: undefined reference to `dgesdd_'
.//libLensFinder.so: undefined reference to `cvMulSpectrums'
.//libLensFinder.so: undefined reference to `sgesdd_'
.//libLensFinder.so: undefined reference to `sgetri_'
.//libLensFinder.so: undefined reference to `cvDFT'
.//libLensFinder.so: undefined reference to `dgesv_'
.//libLensFinder.so: undefined reference to `dgetrf_'
.//libLensFinder.so: undefined reference to `dsyevr_'
.//libLensFinder.so: undefined reference to `sgels_'
.//libLensFinder.so: undefined reference to `spotrf_'
.//libLensFinder.so: undefined reference to `sgetrf_'
.//libLensFinder.so: undefined reference to `dpotrf_'
.//libLensFinder.so: undefined reference to `dpotri_'
.//libLensFinder.so: undefined reference to `sgesv_'
.//libLensFinder.so: undefined reference to `ssyevr_'
.//libLensFinder.so: undefined reference to `dpotrs_'
.//libLensFinder.so: undefined reference to `sgelsd_'
.//libLensFinder.so: undefined reference to `spotri_'
.//libLensFinder.so: undefined reference to `dgetri_'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [all] Error 1

Two of the undefined references are cvMulSpectrums' andcvGetOptimalDFTSize', which I guess is due to opencv. And I have no clue on other undefined reference. I think I have linked every library. But still can't understand how to solve this. Any suggestions? FYI, the code is working on visual studio.

Found the solution. Will post in 23 hrs, as this forum is not letting me to post

@steven Thanks for the answer. I am not much concerned about the BORDER_REFLECT even, the output is not the same for both versions(No change in documentation for filter2d for both versions).

img.convertTo(img,CV_32F); Point anchor(-1,-1); filterkernel.convertTo(filterkernel,CV_32F); filter2D(img, result, -1,flippedkernel , anchor, 0, BORDER_REFLECT_101);

@steven Even I don't like downgrading. It's pain. But, I am in kind of situation where I "have to" use OPENCV - 2.1

Hi,

Due to some reason I have to downgrade my opencv from 2.4.3 to 2.1. I observed that filter2D is not functioning properly in case of 2.1. Also the border type BORDER_REFLECT is giving error in some cases. The output for both the versions is different. Please suggest me an alternative for filter2d in opencv-2.1

The first one is for gcc and second one for g++ . I think the path is not included properly. Can you please help me in including the path!

-I/home/zwang/OpenCV-2.4.3/3rdparty/openexr/IlmImf -I/home/zwang/OpenCV-2.4.3/3rdparty/openexr/Imath -I/home/zwang/OpenCV-2.4.3/3rdparty/openexr/IlmThread -I/home/zwang/OpenCV-2.4.3/3rdparty/openexr/Iex -I/home/zwang/OpenCV-2.4.3/3rdparty/openexr/Half -I/home/zwang/OpenCV-2.4.3/build_4/3rdparty/openexr -I/home/zwang/OpenCV-2.4.3/build_4 -isystem /usr/local/arm/4.3.1-eabi-armv6/usr/include -o CMakeFiles/IlmImf.dir/Half/half.cpp.o -c /home/zwang/OpenCV-2.4.3/3rdparty/openexr/Half/half.cpp

Thanks a lot Alexander. The command line is

[0mcd /home/xxx/OpenCV-2.4.3/build_4/3rdparty/libjpeg && /usr/local/arm/4.3.1-eabi-armv6/usr/bin/arm-linux-gcc -DHAVE_CVCONFIG_H -W -Wall -Werror=return-type -Werror=address -Werror=sequence-point -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wmissing-declarations -Wmissing-prototypes -Wstrict-prototypes -Wundef -Winit-self -Wpointer-arith -fdiagnostics-show-option -pthread -fomit-frame-pointer -ffunction-sections -fPIC -Wno-cast-align -Wno-shadow -Wno-unused -O3 -DNDEBUG -DNDEBUG -I/home/xxx/OpenCV-2.4.3/3rdparty/libjpeg -I/home/xxx/OpenCV-2.4.3/build_4 -o CMakeFiles/libjpeg.dir/jerror.c.o -c /home/xxx/OpenCV-2.4.3/3rdparty/libjpeg/jerror.c

Its getting compiled up to 10% and after that I am getting error. I guess the path is not included.

I am trying to cross-compile OPENCV on ARM-linux based system. For this purpose I created a toolchain cmake file with the following options

SET (CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME Linux)
SET (CMAKE_SYSTEM_VERSION 1)
SET (CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR arm)

SET (CMAKE_C_COMPILER "/usr/local/arm/4.3.1-eabi-armv6/usr/bin/arm-linux-gcc")
SET (CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER "/usr/local/arm/4.3.1-eabi-armv6/usr/bin/arm-linux-g++")

SET (CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH "/usr/local/arm/4.3.1-eabi-armv6/")
SET (CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_PROGRAM NEVER)
SET (CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_LIBRARY ONLY)
SET (CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_INCLUDE ONLY)

SET (LIBRARY_OUTPUT_PATH "/home/xxx/OpenCV-2.4.3/lib")
SET (OPENCV_CONFIG_FILE_INCLUDE_DIR "/home/xxx/OpenCV-2.4.3")
SET (OPENCV_WARNINGS_ARE_ERRORS OFF)

After running the cmake command and make command I am getting the following error:

In file included from /usr/local/arm/4.3.1-eabi-armv6/usr/bin-ccache/../lib/gcc/arm-samsung-linux-gnueabi/4.3.1/../../../../arm-samsung-linux-gnueabi/include/c++/4.3.1/bits/postypes.h:47,
             from /usr/local/arm/4.3.1-eabi-armv6/usr/bin-ccache/../lib/gcc/arm-samsung-linux-gnueabi/4.3.1/../../../../arm-samsung-linux-gnueabi/include/c++/4.3.1/iosfwd:47,
             from /usr/local/arm/4.3.1-eabi-armv6/usr/bin-ccache/../lib/gcc/arm-samsung-linux-gnueabi/4.3.1/../../../../arm-samsung-linux-gnueabi/include/c++/4.3.1/ios:44,
             from /usr/local/arm/4.3.1-eabi-armv6/usr/bin-ccache/../lib/gcc/arm-samsung-linux-gnueabi/4.3.1/../../../../arm-samsung-linux-gnueabi/include/c++/4.3.1/ostream:45,
             from /usr/local/arm/4.3.1-eabi-armv6/usr/bin-ccache/../lib/gcc/arm-samsung-linux-gnueabi/4.3.1/../../../../arm-samsung-linux-gnueabi/include/c++/4.3.1/iostream:45,
             from /home/zwang/OpenCV-2.4.3/3rdparty/openexr/Half/half.h:88,
             from /home/zwang/OpenCV-2.4.3/3rdparty/openexr/Half/half.cpp:48:
/usr/local/arm/4.3.1-eabi-armv6/usr/bin-ccache/../lib/gcc/arm-samsung-linux-gnueabi/4.3.1/../../../../arm-samsung-linux-gnueabi/include/c++/4.3.1/cwchar:52:24: error: wchar.h: No such file or directory

Summarizing : the compiler is not able to find wchar.h, stdio.h, wctype.h, ctype.h. These headers are present in two locations 1) /usr/local/arm/4.3.1-eabi-armv6/usr/include and 2) /usr/local/arm/4.3.1-eabi-armv6/usr/arm-samsung-linux-gnueabi/include/c++/4.3.1/tr1.

I went deep in to the code and found cwchar includes wchar.h using directive #include_next<wchar.h>. I found all the errors the compiler produces is due to this preprocessor directive. Do I need to make any changes to cmake file?

Hi,

I am new to linux environment. I am trying to use opencv libraries for my code on arm-linux-g++. I followed the following steps for CMAKE:

http://processors.wiki.ti.com/index.php/Building_OpenCV_for_ARM_Cortex-A8

When I Run the make command, I get the following error ::

/usr/local/arm/4.3.1-eabi-armv6/usr/bin-ccache/../lib/gcc/arm-samsung-linux-gnueabi/4.3.1/../../../../arm-samsung-linux-gnueabi/include/c++/4.3.1/bits/sstream.t cc:272: instantiated from here

/usr/local/arm/4.3.1-eabi-armv6/usr/bin-ccache/../lib/gcc/arm-samsung-linux-gnue abi/4.3.1/../../../../arm-samsung-linux-gnueabi/include/c++/4.3.1/sstream:484:

error: no type named 'int_type' in 'struct std::char_traits<wchar_t>' make[2]: * [modules/core/CMakeFiles/opencv_core_pch_dephelp.dir/opencv_core_pc h_dephelp.cxx.o] Error 1

How can I solve this problem?